可数名词和不可数名词专题知识点总结
（一）可数名词及其复数形式
（1）可数名词的复数形式一般由词尾加-s或-es构成，其规则见下表：
类 别 构 成 法 读 音 例 词
一般情况 加-s 在清辅音后读/s/ maps, books
在浊辅音及元音后读/z/ cars, photos
在/t/后读/ts/ cats, students
在/d/后读/dz/ beds, guards
在/dz/后读/iz/ bridges, ages
以字母s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词 加-es 在/s/, /z/, /s/, /ts/后读/iz/ classes, brushes
以辅音字母+y结尾的词 将y改成i,加-es /z/ factories, stories
以字母o结尾的词 一般加-es /z/ potatoes, tomatoes
少数外来词或缩略词加-s /z/ radios, pianos
以字母f或fe结尾的词 一般加-s /s/ roofs, chiefs
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有些加-s或改为-ves均可 /s/或/z/ scarfs/scarves
（2）可数名词复数形式的不规则构成法：英语中部分名词其复数形式的构成法是不规则的。
①元音字母变化：foot-feet；man-men；tooth-teeth；goose-geese等。
②结尾为-en： child-children等。
③单复数同形：sheep；fish；Chinese；Japanese；deer等。
④只有复数形式：trousers；goods 等。
（二）可数名词和不可数名词
1．可数名词
（1）如bike, desk, factory等，这类名词占可数名词的多数。
There are fifty bikes at this shop．这家商店有50辆自行车。
（2）如clothes等，本身表示复数形式。
She cares for nice clothes．她爱好穿着。
2．不可数名词
（1）不带冠词的单数形式需用动词单数作谓语。
Knowledge is power．知识就是力量。
（2）由much，little等词修饰。
They have saved much money for future use．他们存了很多钱以备未来使用。
（3）与表示单位的量词，如a piece of等连用。
Go and fetch me a piece of chalk．给我去拿一支粉笔。
注意
不可数名词不能与不定冠词或数词直接连用。如不能说a good news, an advice等。
In the past, if I had to look away from my phone, I felt like I was going to die. When I had lunch with my family or dated with my friends, I couldn't resist __1__(reply) to a text message or checking my Facebook, WeChat on __2__ mobile phone. Before long, it was easy for me __3__(get) tired. The more I texted during the day, the __4__(poor) my sleep was. I couldn't even focus on my study.
My friend told me that people __5__ can't help checking their phones all day are known as phubbers(低头族). Phubbing trends not only involve the young people, but __6__ elderly. Soon, I found a slogan on a website as follows: stop twittering, stop posting photos...
__7__(thankful), I realized there was actually an outside world. My __8__(divide) attention could keep me from what is truly important. Now, I can use the phone without __9__(feel) like a drug addict. I have more time __10__(enjoy) reallife activities. Use your cell phone and don't let it use you.
